The 44.5Ah cell has passed the national standard verification test for all-solid-state batteries, and the production line supports flexible switching between solid and liquid states.
On October 13, Greater Bay Technology's GWh-class all-solid-state battery production line was officially put into operation in Nansha, Guangzhou, with the first batch of all-solid-state cells rolling off the production line.
This production line was upgraded through partial technical transformation of the existing 4GWh liquid lithium battery production line. The main manufacturing processes and equipment are basically retained, with core adjustments focused on the electrolyte filling and curing stages. The upgraded production line also features flexible switching capabilities between solid and liquid states, allowing production scheduling adjustments between traditional liquid batteries and all-solid-state batteries based on market demand.
Supporting this manufacturing solution is Greater Bay Technology's independently developed ESC (Eutectic Superionic Confined) deep eutectic-based composite solid electrolyte system.
Through liquid precursor filling, vacuum impregnation, and in-situ curing, Greater Bay Technology enables the solid electrolyte to form directly inside the cell, while simultaneously improving the solid-solid interface contact between the electrode and the electrolyte.
On the product side, the specific energy of the all-solid-state batteries announced by Greater Bay Technology this time covers 260-480Wh/kg and supports fast charging.
Regarding third-party testing, Greater Bay Technology has passed the verification test of the newly released national standard for solid-state batteries, confirming compliance with all-solid-state battery requirements. Greater Bay Technology has also passed a nail penetration test; in the fully charged nail penetration test, Greater Bay Technology's all-solid-state battery did not catch fire or explode after the steel nail completely penetrated it.
From the rollout of the A-sample all-solid-state battery in April this year to the commissioning of this GWh-class production line, Greater Bay Technology has advanced the deep eutectic-based composite electrolyte technology to the stage of scaled manufacturing.
1. 44.5Ah Passes All-Solid-State Verification with Energy Density of 260-480Wh/kg
On August 28 this year, GB/T 48093.1-2026 "Solid-State Batteries for Electric Vehicles - Part 1: Terms and Classifications" was officially released, unifying the terms and classification basis for solid-state batteries.
Greater Bay Technology showcased the third-party testing reports issued by Guolian Automotive Power Battery Research Institute Co., Ltd. and the Testing and Experimentation Center of the National Power Battery Innovation Center.
Among them, a 44.5Ah all-solid-state cell passed the weight loss rate test conducted in accordance with this standard.
According to the verification requirements disclosed on-site, the cell was baked continuously for 6 hours in a 120℃ vacuum environment with an open port, and the weight loss rate was less than 0.5%, meeting the relevant verification requirements for all-solid-state batteries.
Greater Bay Technology stated that the company has become the first in the industry to pass this national standard verification test for all-solid-state batteries.
GB/T 48093.1-2026 has been released, with the official implementation date set for January 1, 2028. This test is a product verification test conducted by a third-party institution based on this standard.
In terms of safety performance, Greater Bay Technology's 35Ah all-solid-state cell has passed the third-party nail penetration test.
According to the test report displayed on-site, after the steel nail completely penetrated the fully charged solid-state cell, no fire or explosion occurred, and the overall structure of the cell remained intact.
Greater Bay Technology also disclosed that its all-solid-state battery cells have passed all safety tests related to battery cells in GB 38031-2025 "Safety Requirements for Traction Batteries of Electric Vehicles".
In terms of performance, the specific energy of the products announced by Greater Bay Technology this time covers 260-480Wh/kg, while supporting stable fast charging, and the cycle life is comparable to that of conventional lithium batteries.
2. Deep Eutectic + CFS + Nanoconfinement: Three Technologies Constitute the ESC Electrolyte
Supporting the manufacturing of Greater Bay Technology's all-solid-state batteries is an organic-inorganic composite solid electrolyte system.
Compared with the currently highly focused sulfide and oxide technical routes, Greater Bay Technology adopts the ESC (Eutectic Superionic Confined) deep eutectic-based composite solid electrolyte route.
Its core consists of three parts: SDEE (Solidified Deep Eutectic Electrolyte), CFS inorganic functional materials, and NC low-dimensional nematic nanoconfinement technology.
Among them, SDEE is the foundation of the entire electrolyte system.
SDEE (Solidified Deep Eutectic Electrolyte) refers to the solidified deep eutectic electrolyte.
Deep eutectic systems are usually formed by mixing components such as hydrogen bond acceptors and hydrogen bond donors in specific molar ratios, utilizing intermolecular interactions to regulate the melting point, fluidity, and ion transport properties of the materials.
Such materials have been widely studied in fields such as electrochemistry, catalysis, separation, and functional materials, and in recent years, they have gradually entered the research on lithium battery electrolytes and interface modification.
However, in early battery research on deep eutectic electrolytes, a considerable portion still belonged to liquid, gel, or quasi-solid-state systems. How to balance sufficient solidification with efficient ion conduction has always been an important research direction.
Greater Bay Technology adopts molecular-level design to construct the deep eutectic electrolyte as a supramolecular elastomer, while retaining some properties of its precursor similar to ionic liquids.
According to the on-site introduction, SDEE has good ion conduction capability and interface adaptability, while also featuring low volatility, high flame retardancy, and the ability to inhibit leakage and side reactions.
The second core material is CFS.
Greater Bay Technology defines it as an inorganic material that possesses the triple properties of giant dielectricity, ferroelectricity, and superionic state.
Two specific indicators were announced on-site:
The relative dielectric constant εᵣ > 10⁷, and the ionic conductivity reaches 10mS/cm.
10mS/cm is equivalent to 0.01S/cm, which belongs to a relatively high solid-state ionic conductor conductivity, comparable to the level of liquid electrolytes.
Greater Bay Technology stated that CFS has good electronic insulation properties, can promote ion conduction through the coupling effect of giant dielectric and ferroelectric effects, and provides structural stability for the composite electrolyte.
CFS is introduced into the ESC system as a functional inorganic additive material. The aforementioned 10mS/cm is a parameter of the CFS material, and the measured ionic conductivity of the complete ESC composite electrolyte has not yet been disclosed.
The third is NC low-dimensional nematic nanoconfinement technology.
This technology mainly optimizes ion conduction behavior at the nanoscale. Through microstructure regulation, it constructs high-speed parallel channels for ion transition.
The three synergistically constitute the ESC system: SDEE provides the solidified electrolyte foundation and interface adaptability, CFS strengthens ion conduction and structural stability, and NC further optimizes the ion migration channels.
Greater Bay Technology hopes that through this composite design, it can balance the ion conduction, interface stability, and process adaptability of the solid electrolyte.
3. Precursor Filling and In-Situ Curing: Solid Electrolyte Forms Inside the Cell
Beyond materials, the solidification process disclosed by Greater Bay Technology this time is equally worthy of attention.
Its core idea is to first allow the liquid precursor to fully impregnate the electrodes, and then cure it in situ inside the cell.
The company describes this process as "growing the solid electrolyte inside the cell."
Unlike some solutions that require the pre-preparation of independent solid electrolyte membranes and then compounding them with electrodes, Greater Bay Technology directly integrates the formation process of the solid electrolyte into the cell manufacturing process.
Specifically, it is divided into three stages.
First is the liquid precursor filling.
Greater Bay Technology utilizes the fluidity of the liquid deep eutectic electrolyte precursor to inject it into the assembled cells.
During the vacuum impregnation process, the precursor fully enters the pores between the electrode material particles, forming close contact with the active materials.
This step addresses the difficult-to-handle solid-solid interface problem in all-solid-state battery manufacturing.
Since solid materials are difficult to fully impregnate like liquid electrolytes, when pre-made solid electrolytes are directly compounded with electrodes, problems such as insufficient local contact and high interface impedance are prone to occur.
Second is in-situ curing.
After impregnation is completed, the liquid precursor undergoes in-situ curing inside the cell, forming a continuous and dense solid electrolyte network.
Since the precursor has fully entered the interior of the electrode, after curing, it can establish a close solid-solid interface with the electrode material, which is conducive to reducing interface impedance.
Third is maintaining interface stability through an elastic structure.
During the charge and discharge process of lithium batteries, the positive and negative electrode materials will undergo a certain degree of volume change.
For solid electrolytes with strong rigidity, repeated expansion and contraction of the electrodes may cause deterioration of interface contact.
The SDEE supramolecular elastomer adopted by Greater Bay Technology has a certain degree of deformation adaptability, which can absorb electrode volume changes and improve interface contact during cycling.
In this way, in-situ curing is responsible for constructing the initial interface, while the elastic electrolyte network helps maintain long-term contact stability.
This set of technologies simultaneously changes the manufacturing method of the solid electrolyte and the formation method of the solid-solid interface.
Its engineering significance also lies in the fact that the liquid precursor can enter the cell through mature filling and impregnation processes, creating conditions for reusing existing liquid battery manufacturing equipment.
4. Upgrading the 4GWh Liquid Production Line for Flexible Switching Between Solid and Liquid Batteries
On the manufacturing end, Greater Bay Technology chose to reuse the existing liquid battery production line this time.
Based on the original 4GWh liquid lithium battery production line, Greater Bay Technology built a GWh-class all-solid-state battery production line through partial process transformation.
According to on-site disclosures, the main processes and equipment basically retain the mature liquid battery manufacturing system, with the transformation mainly focused on the electrolyte injection and curing stages.
From the perspective of the complete manufacturing process, the production line is still divided into three major sections: electrode manufacturing, cell assembly, and formation and testing.
The front-end electrode manufacturing retains the existing processes.
This includes processes such as positive and negative electrode stirring and slurry making, coating and drying, rolling, and slitting.
The mid-stage processes such as die-cutting, stacking, welding and packaging, and baking for water removal also remain basically unchanged.
The core adjustments occur at the original electrolyte injection station.
Greater Bay Technology has upgraded the traditional electrolyte injection to deep eutectic electrolyte precursor filling, and added processes such as vacuum impregnation and in-situ curing.
Specifically, after the cells are assembled and vacuum-dried, the liquid deep eutectic electrolyte precursor is injected in a localized anhydrous and oxygen-free environment.
Subsequently, through vacuum impregnation, the precursor fully enters the internal pores of the electrode sheets, and then undergoes pre-sealing and in-situ curing to form the solid electrolyte.
During this process, the original liquid battery electrolyte injection equipment can continue to be used through targeted transformation.
Greater Bay Technology adopts localized anhydrous and oxygen-free environment control, eliminating the need to transform the entire production line into a high-specification oxygen-free production environment.
At the same time, since the electrolyte is formed through in-situ curing, it also reduces the reliance on the manufacturing of independent solid electrolyte membranes and related specialized equipment.
The back-end formation, capacity grading, and testing also retain mature processes.
Among them, formation mainly involves software optimization to adapt to the requirements of first-charge activation and interface stabilization for all-solid-state cells.
The capacity grading and testing stages continue to complete the testing of indicators such as capacity, internal resistance, and open-circuit voltage (OCV), and automatically sort them according to performance.
Through these adjustments, Greater Bay Technology has concentrated the newly added processes for all-solid-state battery manufacturing in local sections, reducing the investment in brand-new production equipment.
More noteworthy is that the upgraded production line also possesses the production capacity for flexible switching between solid and liquid states.
According to Greater Bay Technology 's disclosure, the company can adjust production scheduling between traditional liquid batteries and all-solid-state batteries based on customer needs.
This capability is directly related to the capacity utilization rate.
Currently, all-solid-state batteries are still in the stage of customer verification and market introduction, and the release of actual demand has a certain cycle.
The production line's compatibility with both liquid and all-solid-state products means that the company can utilize its mature liquid battery business to support production line operation while gradually introducing solid-state products, reducing the risk of idle dedicated production lines.
For the industrial chain, the technical transformation of existing production lines also involves equipment investment, manufacturing costs, and production line conversion cycles.
By combining the ESC composite electrolyte with the in-situ curing process, Greater Bay Technology has integrated some newly added processes of solid-state battery manufacturing into the original production process, providing a specific solution for the upgrade of existing lithium battery factories.
Currently, Greater Bay Technology has not yet disclosed the investment amount for this technical transformation, the accurate designed capacity of the upgraded all-solid-state batteries, and the stable production yield rate.
However, from the rollout of the A-sample in April to the official commissioning of the GWh-class production line in October, its technological research and development has further extended to the actual manufacturing stage.
In terms of commercialization progress, Greater Bay Technology disclosed that some all-solid-state battery products have entered the testing and verification stage with partner automakers, and sample delivery to customers in other fields is also being promoted.
At this commissioning ceremony, Greater Bay Technology also signed a strategic cooperation agreement for all-solid-state batteries with relevant enterprises to further expand applications in NEVs, low-altitude aircraft, embodied intelligent robots, and high-end energy storage.
With the official commissioning of the production line, Greater Bay Technology will next promote capacity ramp-up and batch delivery.
From the partial technical transformation of liquid battery production lines to GWh-class all-solid-state battery manufacturing, Greater Bay Technology 's commissioning this time also provides a specific and visible technical path for the solid-state upgrade of existing lithium battery capacity.